A Russian soldier laughing at an Ottoman Turk. Before being pitted against each other in WWI, bad blood between Russia and Turkey dated back to the 16th century. This illustration portrays the ...

(Source: The National Army Museum.) The Ottoman Army included soldiers from all the territories under Ottoman control. Although most of the soldiers were Turkish and Muslim, there was a ...

A son was born to Yakup, a converted Muslim Sipahi, and his Greek wife in the late 15th century in the village of Palaiokipos on Lesbos. This bicultural child, named Khizr, grew up with three brothers ...

HE WAS one of many bright, young Ottoman officers of his generation who had been posted as military attachés in Europe before World War I. These young men often came home dazzled by Western ...

The badly-led Hungarian army that constituted around 26,000 soldiers compared to 45,000 Ottoman soldiers were easily defeated in 1526 at the Battle of Mohacs. Many of the pieces on display ...

Its military interventions have established control ... Culturally, Turkey’s neo-Ottoman vision manifests in the promotion of Turkish language and curricula, as well as economic integration ...