Maintenance of long-term antibody responses is critical for protective immunity against many pathogens. However, the duration of humoral immunity and the role played by memory B cells remain poorly ...

Cell-mediated immunity Cell-mediated immunity, unlike humoral immunity, does not rely on antibodies to perform adaptive immunological activities.

Humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity are two types of an adaptive immune response that enable the human body to defend itself in a targeted way against harmful agents such as bacteria, viruses ...

At the surface, the immune response to a flu virus is simple. Some cells recognize the pathogen and send a signal to the ...

Host defenses rely on innate immunity, a rapid response based on pattern recognition, and adaptive immunity, a more slowly developing specific antigen-recognition system. This review summarizes fea ...

About the study In the present study, researchers investigate the impact of inadequate nocturnal sleep in the days surrounding vaccination on vaccine-induced humoral immunity. The analyses ...

Advances in understanding of B-lymphocyte maturation and immune tolerance are yielding new insight into the influence of gonadal steroids on the humoral immune system. Kovacs and colleagues ...

Humoral immunity is also called antibody-mediated immunity. With assistance from helper T cells, B cells will differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen.

Adaptive immunity concerts two separate arms—humoral immunity driven by antibody-producing B cells, and cell-mediated immunity driven by “helper” T cells and “killer” T cells.

In this eBook, we review biomarker discovery, emphasizing immunoprofiling with autoantibody signatures, that once deconvoluted with machine learning, can provide insights into disease progression ...