Life emerged on Earth some 3.8 billion years ago. The "primordial soup theory" proposes that chemicals floating in pools of water, in the presence of sunlight and electrical discharge, spontaneously ...

A stentor is a trumpet-shaped, single-celled organism up to 2 mm long. It uses its holdfast to anchor to surfaces in ponds or ...

Heat transfer and fluid flow are fundamental to the efficiency, sustainability, and reliability of modern energy systems. Rapid global increases in energy ...