Flavivirus envelope protein (E) plays an important role in cellular infection, especially in virulence and antigenicity. E domain III of Tembusu virus (TMUV) is highly conserved among flaviviruses and ...

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Immunizing the host with a piece of viral DNA rather than an antigenic protein fragment of the virus, helps to stimulate the generation of cell-mediated immunity (Fig. 2). DNA vaccines contain the ...

Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subsets that mediate anti-tumor and anti-viral responses, and therefore possess promising clinical utilization. NK cells do not express ...