When empires fall, they tend to stay dead ... distinctively Islamic government began to falter. The Ottoman Empire, whose ruler claimed to lead the Islamic world as caliph, adopted a series ...

and the Islamic Ottoman Empire. This is the story of Constantinople’s fall, how Europe’s richest city fell to the Turks and became known as Istanbul: the story of the Great Siege of 1453.

A new study reveals how the Greek Revolution reshaped the Ottoman Empire's governance and deepened surveillance of non-Muslim ...

The battle began on March 18, 1915, when the British and French navies launched a large-scale naval assault to seize control ...