To be effective, a heat pipe must be composed of material with high thermal conductivity, usually copper or copper alloy. The ...

If we assume an ambient air temperature of 38 C (100 F) and a maximum power of 2 W all of the numbers we need have been collected. Max Temp = Junction + Mica/Grease + Heat Sink + Ambient ...

Scientists presented a minimal heat engine model that can attain Carnot efficiency while achieving maximum power output.

resulting in three smaller heat sinks. We didn’t realize that thermal compound has enough gripping power to hold the sinks in place without any mechanical fastener, but apparently it does.

A Spanish research group has investigated how thermoelectric heat pumps may be used as power-to-heat technology ... heat is pumped from the cold sink to the hot sink by the Peltier effect.” ...