Two surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), and the M2 ion-channel protein are embedded in the viral envelope, which is derived from the host's plasma membrane.

The heads of countless hemagglutinin proteins are arrayed on the surface portion of the virus along with another mushroom-shaped influenza protein: neuraminidase.

Aims In this study, we analyze the challenges involved in detecting novel neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) and offer strategies to overcome them with complementary bioassays. Materials & Methods We ...